護理師與 UAP 正在照顧一名疑似肺結核病患。UAP 做出的哪項精確行動需要 RN 立即介入？
The RN and unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) are caring for a client newly admitted with suspected active pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Which precise action made by the UAP necessitates an immediate intervention by the supervising RN?
- AThe UAP places their fitted N95 respirator mask over their face before entering.UAP 在進入病房前將合適的 N95 呼吸器面罩戴在脸上
- BThe UAP instructs all visiting family members to put on N95 masks.UAP 指示所有探視的家屬戴上 N95 口罩
- CThe UAP securely places a standard surgical mask on the client prior to transport.UAP 在運送前為病患妥當戴上標準外科口罩
- DThe UAP leaves the negative pressure room door propped wide open while bringing in lunch.✓ 正解UAP 在送午餐時將負壓隔離病房的門大開支撐著
本題考驗護理師對空氣傳播隔離措施 (Airborne Precautions) 的理解，特別是針對肺結核 (Pulmonary Tuberculosis, TB) 病患的感染控制。肺結核是一種透過空氣飛沫傳播的疾病，因此病患必須住在負壓隔離病房 (Negative Pressure Room) 中。負壓隔離病房的設計原理是透過持續抽氣，使病房內壓力低於走廊，確保空氣只從走廊流向病房，並經由特殊濾網排出，防止病原體逸散到公共區域。因此，維持負壓隔離病房的門始終關閉是確保其有效運作的關鍵。任何使門敞開的行為都會破壞負壓環境，造成感染控制的重大漏洞。
Propping open the negative pressure isolation room door destroys the required vacuum seal, allowing airborne pathogens like tuberculosis to escape into the hallway. Maintaining the closed door is critical to ensure air flows only from the corridor into the room, preventing cross-contamination.
TB 隔離考點：病人出門戴普通口罩，護士/訪客進門戴 N95，房門永遠緊閉。