— 照護管理 · HARD · SATA —
護理主管規劃實證護理（EBP）教育課程，應包含哪些步驟？（選所有適合的）
A nurse manager is planning a staff development program on evidence-based practice (EBP). Which steps should the manager include? (Select all that apply.)
- AFormulate a searchable clinical question✓ 正解擬定可搜尋的臨床問題
- BSearch for the best available evidence✓ 正解搜尋最佳可用證據
- CCritically appraise the evidence for validity and applicability✓ 正解批判性評鑑證據的有效性和適用性
- DImplement changes solely based on expert opinion僅基於專家意見實施變更
- EEvaluate the clinical outcomes after implementation✓ 正解實施後評估臨床結果
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
實證護理（Evidence-Based Practice, EBP）是美國護理照護的黃金標準，其核心在於將最佳證據、臨床專業判斷及病人價值觀結合。規劃相關教育課程時，必須符合系統化的五個步驟：提出問題（Ask）、搜尋證據（Acquire）、評讀證據（Appraise）、應用證據（Apply）與評估成效（Assess）。
Evidence-based practice involves formulating a searchable clinical question, searching for the best available evidence, critically appraising its validity, and evaluating clinical outcomes after implementation. Relying solely on expert opinion bypasses the systematic review of current research, which is essential for integrating the best evidence into clinical decision-making.