— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師準備對傷口感染病人進行萬古黴素（Vancomycin）靜脈輸注。為預防紅人症（Red Man Syndrome），護理師應優先注意什麼？
A nurse is preparing to administer Vancomycin IV to a client with a wound infection. Which clinical manifestation should the nurse prioritize to prevent Red Man Syndrome?
- AVerify the patient's renal function status確認病人的腎功能狀態
- BPre-medicate the patient with a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug給予非類固醇消炎藥作為預先用藥
- CCheck the white blood cell count before starting開始前檢查白血球計數
- DEnsure the infusion rate is at least 60 minutes or longer✓ 正解確保輸注時間至少為60分鐘或更長
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
紅人症（Red Man Syndrome）是萬古黴素輸注過快導致組織胺釋放所致，表現為臉部、頸部及軀幹上部的紅斑。為預防此反應，靜脈輸注時間應至少設定在 60 分鐘以上，甚至更長。腎功能監測（選項 A）是預防耳毒性與腎毒性，非預防紅人症之核心。
Red Man Syndrome occurs when vancomycin is infused too quickly, causing histamine release and producing erythema on the face, neck, and upper torso. To prevent this reaction, the infusion should run over at least 60 minutes (longer for higher doses). Monitoring renal function (A) is for prevention of nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity, not Red Man Syndrome.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美臨床皆嚴格遵守 Vancomycin 輸注速度規範，必要時給予抗組織胺預防過敏，而非使用 NSAIDs。