— 心理社會完整性 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師正在照護一位正經歷恐慌發作的病人，應優先採取哪項措施？
A nurse is caring for a client experiencing a panic attack. Which action should the nurse take first?
- AProvide a quiet, calm environment✓ 正解提供安靜、平和的環境
- BEncourage the client to talk about their feelings鼓勵病人談論他們的感受
- CAdminister a prescribed anxiolytic medication給予處方鎮靜藥物
- DTeach deep breathing exercises教導深呼吸運動
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
恐慌發作（panic attack）時，病人處於「戰或逃」（fight-or-flight）的極度焦慮狀態，認知功能受損，感官過度敏感。此時首要任務是降低外部環境刺激，提供一個安全、平靜的環境，幫助病人降低焦慮水平。過多的解釋或要求病人練習呼吸，在病人極度混亂時可能無法達成，環境控制是讓病人恢復理智的第一步。
During a panic attack, the client is in an intense fight-or-flight state with impaired cognition and heightened sensory sensitivity. The first priority is to reduce environmental stimulation by providing a quiet, calm, safe environment, helping the client recover stability. Complex instructions or breathing exercises may be ineffective when the client is acutely overwhelmed; environmental control is the first step.