一位有癲癇病史的病人，下列哪些藥物護理措施正確？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client with a history of seizures. Which nursing interventions are appropriate for medication management? (Select all that apply.)
- AAdminister the medication at the same time each day✓ 正解每天在同一時間給藥
- BMonitor for signs of drowsiness or dizziness✓ 正解監測嗜睡或頭暈的跡象
- CDiscontinue the medication if the client is seizure-free for a week若病人一週未發作癲癇則停止給藥
- DInstruct the client to avoid grapefruit juice✓ 正解指示病人避免食用葡萄柚汁
- EEnsure the client does not skip doses✓ 正解確保病人不要漏服劑量
癲癇藥物治療重點在於維持血中濃度恆定。每日固定時間給藥、不漏藥是預防發作的基礎。抗癲癇藥物常見副作用為昏昏欲睡與頭暈。葡萄柚汁會影響肝臟代謝酵素，可能干擾藥物濃度。絕對不可擅自停藥，即便一週沒發作，擅自停藥恐導致「癲癇重積狀態」（Status epilepticus）。
The focus of antiepileptic drug therapy is maintaining a constant blood drug level. Administering the medication at the same time each day and not skipping doses is fundamental to preventing seizures. Drowsiness and dizziness are common side effects of antiepileptic medications. Grapefruit juice affects hepatic metabolic enzymes and may interfere with drug levels. The medication must never be discontinued at the client's discretion; even if seizure-free for a week, abrupt discontinuation may cause status epilepticus.
美台對於抗癲癇藥物的衛教一致，均強調用藥的「規律性」與「不可擅自停藥」的法律及醫療風險。