護理師正在照顧一位有癲癇病史的病人。下列哪些行動適於確保病人安全？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client with a history of seizures. Which actions are appropriate to ensure safety? (Select all that apply.)
- AKeep padded side rails up at all times✓ 正解隨時保持加墊護欄升起
- BMaintain suction equipment at the bedside✓ 正解在床邊備妥抽吸設備
- CPlace the client on their back during an active seizure在活動性癲癇發作期間將病人置於仰臥位
- DLoosen clothing around the neck and chest✓ 正解鬆開頸部和胸部周圍的衣物
- EInsert a bite block if a seizure is suspected若懷疑發作，插入咬口器
癲癇病人照護安全重點：預防受傷（護欄加墊、移除尖銳物）、呼吸道通暢（備妥抽吸設備、側面臥姿防窒息）。C 錯誤：發作時應側臥（Side-lying）以防吸入性肺炎，仰臥會導致舌頭後垂阻塞氣道。E 錯誤：現代護理標準絕對禁止在發作時放入硬物，以免造成牙齒斷裂或口腔損傷。
The safety priorities for seizure care include preventing injury (padded side rails, removal of sharp objects) and maintaining airway patency (suction equipment at the bedside, lateral positioning to prevent aspiration). Option C is incorrect: during a seizure, the client should be placed in a side-lying position to prevent aspiration pneumonia; a supine position allows the tongue to fall back and obstruct the airway. Option E is incorrect: modern nursing standards strictly prohibit inserting hard objects into the mouth during a seizure, due to the risk of tooth fracture or oral injury.
台美對於癲癇發作的「禁止放入異物」共識一致，但美國護理環境更強調整個環境的安全設計與事前評估。