護理師照護一位感染困難梭狀芽孢桿菌的病人，應優先採取什麼隔離措施？
A nurse is caring for a client with Clostridium difficile infection. Which precaution is priority?
- ADroplet precautions飛沫隔離
- BProtective environment保護性隔離
- CContact precautions✓ 正解接觸隔離
- DAirborne precautions空氣隔離
困難梭狀芽孢桿菌（Clostridium difficile）具有極強的環境抵抗力，能產生對抗酒精與多數清潔劑的孢子。臨床上必須採取接觸隔離（Contact precautions）以防範經由受汙染的醫療器材或護理師的手部進行交叉感染。核心護理策略包括穿戴隔離衣與手套，並強調「肥皂與水洗手」的必要性，因為酒精乾洗手無法物理性移除孢子。此類病人應盡量安置於單人病房，若無，則需與同類感染病人安置於同一空間（Cohorting）。
Clostridium difficile has extreme environmental resistance and produces spores that withstand alcohol and most cleaning agents. Clinically, contact precautions must be implemented to prevent cross-infection through contaminated medical equipment or the hands of the nurse. Core nursing strategies include wearing a gown and gloves, and emphasizing the necessity of handwashing with soap and water, since alcohol-based hand rubs cannot physically remove spores. These patients should be placed in a single room whenever possible; if unavailable, they should be cohorted with other patients infected with the same organism.
美國醫院針對困難梭菌的感染控制政策非常嚴格，通常要求使用漂白水（Bleach-based）清潔環境，因為一般醫院清潔劑無法殺滅孢子，此點在臨床實務上務必遵守。