護理師照護一位正處於雙極性疾患（躁鬱症）躁期發作的病人。病人在病房內快速走動，並對身旁的每個人大聲說話。下列哪種點心對該病人最合適？
The nurse is caring for a client in the manic phase of Bipolar Disorder. The client is moving rapidly around the unit and speaking loudly to anyone nearby. Which snack is most appropriate for this client?
- AA bowl of warm vegetable soup一碗溫熱蔬菜湯
- BA fresh garden salad新鮮園藝沙拉
- CSpaghetti with meat sauce肉醬義大利麵
- DA turkey and cheese wrap✓ 正解火雞肉起司捲餅
躁期病人的護理重點在於「維持營養與熱量平衡」。處於躁期的病人活動量極大，且因注意力不集中、過度興奮，往往無法坐下來安靜進食。因此，營養介入的首選是「手拿食物（Finger Foods）」，這類食物允許病人在走動中隨手拿取進食，且熱量密度高。選項 D（土耳其起司捲餅）完全符合這個原則：它可以單手拿著吃、不需餐具、含蛋白質與碳水化合物。選項 A、C 需坐下使用餐具，對此時的病人來說執行難度太高；選項 B（沙拉）熱量密度太低，無法支撐躁期病人的高代謝消耗。臨床思路上，應對躁期病人的生理需求必須與其行為特性相符，以確保安全與體力維持。
The nursing focus for clients in the manic phase is maintaining nutritional and caloric balance. Manic clients have extremely high activity levels, and due to poor attention span and overstimulation, they are often unable to sit down and eat quietly. Therefore, the preferred nutritional intervention is finger foods, which allow the client to grab food while on the move and have high caloric density. Option D (turkey and cheese wrap) fully meets this principle: it can be eaten with one hand, requires no utensils, and contains both protein and carbohydrates. Options A and C require sitting down and using utensils, which is too difficult for the client at this stage. Option B (salad) has insufficient caloric density to sustain the high metabolic expenditure of the manic client. Clinically, addressing the physiological needs of manic clients must align with their behavioral characteristics to ensure safety and maintenance of energy.
在美國護理中，Finger foods 是躁症護理標準指引中的重點；台灣臨床上雖然也認同此原則，但有時會由家屬協助餵食，而在 NCLEX 考題中，重點是護理師如何透過環境與飲食調整來促進病人的自主營養攝取。