一位強迫症病人正在執行儀式行為。住院期間病人最重要的目標為何？
A client with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is performing a ritual. Which goal is most important for the client to achieve during the hospitalization?
- ASupppressing the anxiety without using any coping mechanisms.不使用任何因應機制來抑制焦慮
- BIdentifying triggers that increase the need for the ritual.✓ 正解識別會增加儀式需求的誘發因素
- CReplacing the ritual with another more complex ritual.以另一種更複雜的儀式取代該儀式
- DStopping the ritual behavior completely within 48 hours.在 48 小時內完全停止儀式行為
強迫症（Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, OCD）的核心特徵是重複、侵入性的強迫思維（obsessions）和為減輕焦慮而執行的強迫行為（compulsions, 即儀式行為）。治療 OCD 的長期目標不僅是減少儀式行為，更重要的是幫助病人理解並識別導致這些行為的潛在焦慮和觸發因素。一旦病人能辨識這些觸發因素，他們就能學習更健康的應對策略，從根本上管理焦慮，進而減少對儀式行為的依賴，實現更有效的疾病管理。
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is characterized by recurrent intrusive obsessions and compulsions (rituals) performed to relieve anxiety. The long-term treatment goal is not only to reduce ritualistic behavior but, more importantly, to help the client understand and identify the underlying anxiety and triggers driving the behavior. Once the client can recognize these triggers, they can learn healthier coping strategies, manage anxiety at its source, and reduce dependence on rituals, achieving more effective disease management.
認知行為療法（CBT），特別是暴露與反應預防法（Exposure and Response Prevention, ERP），是治療強迫症的黃金標準，其治療原則和目標在美國和台灣是普遍一致的。兩地都強調幫助病人識別觸發因素和發展應對機制。差異可能在於專業治療師的普及程度以及個別醫療機構提供的心理治療資源。