— 基本照護與舒適 · EASY · MCQ —
下列何者為睡眠期間的生理變化？
Which of the following is an expected physiological change during sleep?
- AIncreased muscle tone肌肉張力增加
- BIncreased blood pressure血壓升高
- CDecreased metabolic rate✓ 正解代謝率降低
- DIncreased heart rate心率加快
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
睡眠是一個複雜的生理過程，涉及大腦與身體系統的節律性調整。在睡眠期間（特別是進入非快速動眼期 NREM），身體為了進行組織修復與節約能量，基礎代謝率（Metabolic rate）會顯著下降。此外，副交感神經系統（Parasympathetic nervous system）活性增加，導致心跳速率、血壓與呼吸頻率普遍下降，這與人體在清醒狀態下的活動需求形成對比。
Sleep involves rhythmic adjustments in brain and body systems. During sleep, particularly NREM, the basal metabolic rate decreases significantly to support tissue repair and energy conservation. Parasympathetic activity increases, which lowers heart rate, blood pressure, and respiratory rate compared to wakefulness.