— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師對一位病人進行預防皮膚癌的衛教，應包含哪些內容？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is educating a client about reducing the risk of skin cancer. Which statements should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
- AApply sunscreen with at least SPF 30 daily✓ 正解每天塗抹至少 SPF 30 的防曬乳
- BAvoid sun exposure between 10 AM and 4 PM✓ 正解避免在上午 10 點至下午 4 點間曝曬陽光
- CPerform monthly skin self-examinations✓ 正解每月進行皮膚自我檢查
- DUse indoor tanning beds only once a week每週僅使用室內日光浴床一次
- EWear protective clothing, such as wide-brimmed hats✓ 正解穿著防護衣物，例如寬邊帽
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
皮膚癌預防強調紫外線防護與自我監測。SPF 30 以上防曬、避免 10-16 時陽光直射、每月自我檢測 ABCDE 規則、穿戴防曬衣物均為正確指導。選項 D 錯誤，任何形式的室內曬黑機（tanning beds）都會顯著增加黑色素瘤風險，完全不建議使用。
Skin cancer prevention emphasizes UV protection and self-monitoring. Daily SPF 30+ sunscreen, avoiding sun exposure between 10 AM and 4 PM, monthly self-skin exams using the ABCDE rule, and wearing protective clothing are correct. Option D is incorrect; any indoor tanning bed use significantly increases melanoma risk and should be completely avoided.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國皮膚科對於曬黑機的危害衛教非常普及，台灣民眾則更常針對美白需求進行防曬，預防癌症的衛教意識可再提升。