— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師正在照護一位低血鉀的病人,應執行下列哪些護理措施?(選所有適合的)
A nurse is caring for a client with hypokalemia. Which interventions should the nurse perform? (Select all that apply.)
- AMonitor heart rate and rhythm✓ 正解監測心率與心律
- BAdminister potassium chloride via IV push經靜脈推注氯化鉀
- CAssess for muscle weakness✓ 正解評估是否有肌肉無力
- DEncourage consumption of oranges and bananas✓ 正解鼓勵食用柳橙和香蕉
- EImplement fall precautions✓ 正解實施防跌措施
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
低血鉀會影響肌肉與心臟傳導。心電圖監測(A)至關重要以防心律不整。肌肉無力(C)是常見症狀,需預防跌倒(E)。飲食補鉀(D)是治療輔助。B 選項絕對禁止:KCl 若以靜脈推注(IV Push)會導致心跳停止,務必稀釋後以點滴慢滴(IV Infusion)方式給予。
Hypokalemia affects muscle and cardiac conduction. ECG monitoring (A) is critical to detect arrhythmia. Muscle weakness (C) is common — implement fall precautions (E). Dietary potassium (D) supports correction. B is absolutely prohibited: IV push KCl can cause cardiac arrest; KCl must be diluted and given by slow IV infusion.
✦ 台美臨床差異
兩地皆嚴格執行 KCl 不可直接推注;美國護理師常依實驗室報告自動調整補充計畫,台灣則嚴格依據醫囑操作。