一位慢性阻塞性肺病（COPD）病人正經歷急性加劇。何項評估發現提示低血氧情況惡化？
A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is experiencing an exacerbation. Which assessment finding suggests worsening hypoxemia?
- AUse of accessory muscles使用輔助呼吸肌
- BIncreased dyspnea呼吸困難加劇
- CDrowsiness and confusion✓ 正解嗜睡和意識混亂
- DInability to speak in full sentences無法說完整句子
慢性阻塞性肺病病人因長期低血氧，可能對缺氧的反應較遲鈍。因此，當出現嗜睡（drowsiness）和混亂（confusion）時，常表示腦部已嚴重缺氧，需要立即處理。呼吸困難加劇、輔助肌使用、無法說完整句子皆為呼吸窘迫的表現，但意識狀態改變是更嚴重的低血氧警訊。
Because of long-standing hypoxia, clients with COPD may have a blunted response to low oxygen levels. Therefore, when drowsiness and confusion appear, they often indicate severe cerebral hypoxia and require immediate intervention. Increased dyspnea, use of accessory muscles, and the inability to speak in full sentences are also signs of respiratory distress, but a change in level of consciousness is a more serious warning sign of worsening hypoxemia.
美國呼吸治療師（Respiratory Therapist）在 COPD 病人照護中，常扮演重要角色，負責氧療和呼吸器管理；台灣則由護理師與醫師共同協作。