— 生理適應 · HARD · MCQ —
一位病人診斷為抗利尿激素分泌不當症候群（SIADH），下列哪項護理措施為優先？
A client is diagnosed with SIADH. Which nursing intervention is prioritized?
- AMonitor for symptoms of dehydration監測脫水症狀
- BRestrict fluid intake✓ 正解限制水分攝取
- CAdminister high-sodium fluids intravenously靜脈注射高鈉溶液
- DEncourage increased fluid intake鼓勵增加水分攝取
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
抗利尿激素分泌不當症候群（SIADH）導致ADH過度分泌，使水分滯留、血漿滲透壓降低，進而造成稀釋性低血鈉。護理的核心目標是糾正水分過負荷狀態。限水（Fluid restriction）是治療SIADH的首要護理措施，以防止水分持續滯留惡化低血鈉，進而引發腦水腫（Cerebral edema）等神經學併發症。
SIADH causes excessive secretion of antidiuretic hormone, leading to water retention, decreased plasma osmolality, and dilutional hyponatremia. The core nursing goal is to correct the state of water overload. Fluid restriction is the primary nursing intervention for SIADH, in order to prevent continued water retention from worsening the hyponatremia and triggering neurologic complications such as cerebral edema.