針對術後長期臥床的病人，下列哪項護理介入對於預防深層靜脈血栓（DVT）最有效？
Which of the following nursing interventions is most effective in preventing deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in a client who is immobile post-surgery?
- AMaintaining strict bed rest for 48 hours嚴格臥床休息 48 小時
- BApplying sequential compression devices (SCDs)✓ 正解使用順序性加壓裝置 (SCDs)
- CEncouraging frequent intake of fluids鼓勵頻繁補充水分
- DAdministering prophylactic anticoagulants給予預防性抗凝血劑
DVT 預防的核心在於促進下肢靜脈血液回流。對於術後病人，連續性壓力循環器（SCDs）透過機械性擠壓，能有效模擬肌肉運動，大幅降低血液滯留（Stasis），這在減少術後靜脈栓塞事件中被認為是非常有效的非藥物治療方式。相較於水分攝取（C）雖可降低血液黏稠度但效果有限，及藥物治療（D）需醫師醫囑且有出血風險，SCDs 提供了一種安全、非侵入性且極具成效的機械預防手段。選項 A 為錯誤概念，現代護理強調盡早活動（Early Ambulation）才是預防栓塞的最佳方法，長期臥床反而會增加栓塞發生率。
The core of DVT prevention is to promote venous return in the lower extremities. For postoperative clients, sequential compression devices (SCDs) mechanically simulate muscle pumping and effectively reduce venous stasis, and are considered a highly effective non-pharmacologic intervention for reducing postoperative thromboembolic events. Compared with fluid intake (C), which lowers blood viscosity but has limited effect, and anticoagulants (D), which require a provider's order and carry bleeding risk, SCDs offer a safe, non-invasive, and very effective mechanical preventive measure. Option A reflects an outdated concept: modern nursing emphasizes early ambulation as the best way to prevent thrombosis, and prolonged bed rest actually increases the incidence of thrombosis.
美國醫院對於 SCDs 的使用時間（每天至少 18-20 小時）有嚴格的自動化紀錄要求，護理師需在交班時確認設備運作；台灣部分病房若病患較多，機械設備數量可能受限，且護理師需更頻繁確認彈性襪的穿著情況。