— 降低風險 · HARD · SATA —
護理師準備為低血鉀病人靜脈輸注氯化鉀，應執行哪些行動？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is preparing to administer potassium chloride intravenously to a client with hypokalemia. Which actions should the nurse perform? (Select all that apply.)
- AVerify the medication is diluted before administration✓ 正解確認藥物在給藥前已稀釋
- BAssess the IV site for signs of phlebitis✓ 正解評估靜脈注射部位是否有靜脈炎的跡象
- CAdminister the medication via IV bolus push經靜脈推注方式給藥
- DMonitor the rate of infusion using an electronic pump✓ 正解使用電子幫浦監控輸注速率
- EAssess urine output prior to administration✓ 正解給藥前評估尿液排出量
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
氯化鉀具有極高腐蝕性，絕不可直接 IV push，否則會導致心跳停止。給藥前必須確認濃度稀釋，使用幫浦控制流速，檢查周邊血管完整性以防外滲。此外，必須確認腎功能（尿量）正常，以免鉀離子堆積導致高血鉀危象。
The nurse must verify that potassium chloride is properly diluted and monitor the infusion rate using an electronic pump to prevent cardiac arrest. Additionally, assessing the IV site for phlebitis and checking urine output ensures safe administration and adequate renal excretion, as undiluted potassium is fatal and can cause severe tissue damage if extravasated.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國護理師常需護理雙人核對高警訊藥物；台灣對於高警訊藥物給藥流程亦極嚴謹。