下列哪種情況，護理師應視為優先安全疑慮並向上級護理督導報告？
Which of the following situations should the nurse report to the nursing supervisor as a priority concern regarding client safety?
- AA lab test was delayed by 30 minutes due to transport issues因運輸問題導致檢驗延遲30分鐘
- BA client is complaining about the quality of the hospital meal病人抱怨醫院餐點品質
- CA coworker is observed smelling of alcohol while on duty✓ 正解同事在值班期間身上有酒味
- DA medication error occurred involving a wrong dose that did not harm the client發生給藥錯誤涉及劑量錯誤但未造成病人傷害
護理師若懷疑同事在執勤時飲酒，直接威脅到病人安全與醫療品質，此為重大倫理與法規違規，必須優先報告。這已超越一般臨床作業疏失，屬於「損害病人安全」的高風險行為。其餘選項雖需紀錄或改善，但危險程度不及於酗酒執勤。
If the nurse suspects that a coworker is consuming alcohol while on duty, it represents a direct threat to client safety and quality of care, constituting a major ethical and regulatory violation that must be reported as the top priority. This goes beyond routine clinical errors and falls within the category of high-risk behavior that harms patient safety. The other options also require documentation or improvement, but their severity does not match that of impaired practice on duty.
美國法規對護理師藥物或酒精成癮有嚴格的介入程序（如監控計畫）；台灣臨床對此議題較保守，通常依醫院內部懲處規定處理。