護理師評估一位抱怨失眠的病人。護理師應優先建議哪項措施？
A nurse is assessing a client who reports difficulty sleeping. Which intervention should the nurse recommend first?
- AConsume high-protein snacks before bedtime睡前攝取高蛋白點心
- BEstablish a consistent sleep schedule✓ 正解建立固定的睡眠時間表
- CAdminister a prescribed sedative給予處方之鎮靜劑
- DEncourage daytime napping鼓勵白天小睡
失眠的護理介入應採「由簡入繁」的策略，行為療法中的「睡眠衛生」（Sleep hygiene）為第一優先。建立固定的睡眠作息能幫助調節晝夜節律（Circadian rhythm），提升睡眠品質。藥物通常會有依賴性或副作用，應在行為療法無效後才考慮。白天午睡會消耗睡眠壓力，不利於夜間入睡；睡前攝取高蛋白食物會增加胃腸負擔，影響睡眠深度。
Nursing interventions for insomnia should follow a stepwise approach from simple to complex, with sleep hygiene as a behavioral therapy being the first priority. Establishing a consistent sleep schedule helps regulate the circadian rhythm and improves sleep quality. Medications carry the risk of dependence and side effects and should be considered only after behavioral interventions have proven ineffective. Daytime napping reduces the homeostatic sleep drive, making it harder to fall asleep at night; consuming high-protein snacks before bedtime adds gastrointestinal burden and disturbs deep sleep.