哪些因素會增加發生壓瘡的風險？（選所有適合的）
Which factors increase the risk of developing pressure injuries? (Select all that apply.)
- AAnemia✓ 正解貧血
- BFecal incontinence✓ 正解糞便失禁
- CHigh protein diet高蛋白飲食
- DPeripheral vascular disease✓ 正解周邊血管疾病
- ESensory perception loss✓ 正解感覺知覺喪失
壓瘡（pressure injuries），也稱為褥瘡，是醫療照護中常見且可預防的嚴重併發症。其發生機轉涉及皮膚及皮下組織因長期受壓、摩擦和剪力作用而導致的局部缺血性損傷。護理師必須清楚識別會增加壓瘡風險的各種內在和外在因素，以便及早評估、制定和實施預防措施。這些風險因素涵蓋了從循環、營養到感覺功能等多方面的生理狀態。透過全面性的風險評估工具（如 Braden 量表），並結合個別化的照護計畫，護理師可以有效降低壓瘡的發生率，提升病人的皮膚完整性與整體照護品質。
Pressure injuries, also called bedsores, are common and preventable serious complications in health care. Their development involves localized ischemic injury to the skin and subcutaneous tissue caused by prolonged pressure, friction, and shear forces. Nurses must clearly identify the various intrinsic and extrinsic factors that increase pressure injury risk in order to assess, plan, and implement prevention measures early. These risk factors span multiple physiological domains, including circulation, nutrition, and sensory function. By using comprehensive risk assessment tools (such as the Braden Scale) combined with individualized care plans, the nurse can effectively reduce the incidence of pressure injuries and improve skin integrity and overall quality of care.