— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位有癲癇病史且正在服用 Phenytoin 的病人，護理師監測最重要的是下列哪項發現？
A client with a history of seizure disorder is on phenytoin therapy. Which assessment finding is most important for the nurse to monitor?
- AUrinary retention尿液滯留
- BGingival hyperplasia✓ 正解牙齦增生
- CExcessive hair growth過度毛髮生長
- DIncreased appetite食慾增加
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
Phenytoin 常見的副作用包括牙齦增生（Gingival hyperplasia）。護理師需教導病人保持口腔衛生、使用軟毛牙刷，並定期檢查牙齦。此副作用影響病人的自我照顧與生活品質，是長期用藥監測重點。
Common adverse effects of phenytoin include gingival hyperplasia. The nurse should teach the client to maintain oral hygiene, use a soft-bristle toothbrush, and have regular dental checks. This adverse effect impacts self-care and quality of life and is a key long-term monitoring concern.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國藥師在門診會特別強化此藥的衛教；台灣則多由醫師或衛教師提醒病人定期洗牙並注意口腔狀況。