護理長計劃在單位落實實證護理（EBP）。下列哪些步驟是實證過程的一部分？（選所有適合的）
A nurse manager is planning to implement evidence-based practice (EBP) on the unit. Which steps are part of the EBP process? (Select all that apply.)
- AFormulate a searchable, clinical question✓ 正解擬定可搜尋的臨床問題
- BSearch for the best available research evidence✓ 正解搜尋最佳可用研究證據
- CAppraise the evidence for validity and applicability✓ 正解評估證據的有效性和適用性
- DApply the evidence to clinical practice✓ 正解將證據應用於臨床實務
- EIgnore patient preferences and focus only on research忽略病人偏好，僅專注於研究
實證護理（Evidence-Based Practice, EBP）是將最佳研究證據、臨床專業判斷與病人價值觀相結合的過程。步驟包括：1. 提出臨床問題（PICO）、2. 搜尋證據、3. 評估文獻品質、4. 應用證據、5. 評估結果。EBP 強調的是證據與病人的互動，而非單純遵循研究。病人偏好是 EBP 的核心，因為護理的最終目標是提供符合病人需求的照護。
Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) is the process of integrating the best research evidence, clinical expertise, and client values. The steps are: 1. formulate the clinical question (PICO), 2. search for evidence, 3. appraise the quality of the literature, 4. apply the evidence, and 5. evaluate outcomes. EBP emphasizes the interaction between evidence and the client rather than simply following research findings. Client preferences are central to EBP, because the ultimate goal of nursing is to provide care that meets the client's needs.