一位急診室老人無法溝通且無證件。護理師需為緊急手術取得知情同意，何者正確？
An elderly client in the emergency department is non-communicative and has no identification. The nurse needs to obtain informed consent for an emergency procedure. Which action is appropriate?
- ADelay the procedure until family members are located延遲手術直到找到家屬
- BProceed with the procedure under the doctrine of implied consent✓ 正解依據默示同意原則進行手術
- CContact the facility's legal department to appoint a proxy聯絡機構的法務部門指派代理人
- DAsk a hospital security guard to sign as a witness請醫院保全人員作為見證人簽署
在生命徵象危急且病人無法表達同意的情況下，為了挽救生命，醫療團隊適用「默示同意」（Implied Consent）原則。法律保障在緊急救護情境下執行必要的救命處置。等待家屬可能延誤黃金治療時間，導致病人死亡或病情惡化。
In situations where vital signs are critical and the client is unable to express consent, the doctrine of 'implied consent' applies to perform life-saving procedures. The law protects the performance of necessary life-saving treatments in emergency care situations. Waiting for family members may delay the golden window of treatment, leading to death or worsening of the client's condition.
美台針對緊急醫療均有類似免責規定，但美國多依賴醫院政策與病患權益準則，台灣受限於醫療法規，有時需依賴兩位專科醫師之會診確認。