護理師照護一位發燒的病人。下列哪項舒適措施最為適當？
A nurse is caring for a client with a fever. Which comfort measure is most appropriate?
- AAdministering ice water for drinking提供冰水飲用
- BProviding a tepid sponge bath✓ 正解提供溫水擦浴
- CCovering the client with heavy blankets以厚重毯子覆蓋病人
- DKeeping the room temperature very high保持房間溫度非常高
發燒時的護理重點在於協助病人散熱，同時維持舒適。溫水擦澡（Tepid sponge bath）能透過傳導（Conduction）與蒸發（Evaporation）作用，協助體表熱量散發，同時避免因水溫過低引起的寒顫（Shivering），因為寒顫會導致代謝率上升，反而產生更多熱量。蓋厚棉被會阻礙熱量散發，冰水會導致寒顫，調高室溫則會增加病人的不適感。物理降溫應配合醫囑的退燒藥物使用效果更佳。
The focus of nursing care during fever is to help the client dissipate heat while maintaining comfort. A tepid sponge bath promotes heat loss through conduction and evaporation while avoiding shivering from water that is too cold, because shivering raises the metabolic rate and produces additional heat. Covering the client with heavy blankets impedes heat loss, ice water induces shivering, and raising room temperature increases discomfort. Physical cooling measures work best in combination with prescribed antipyretic medications.