心臟衰竭病人正服用 digoxin。若病人出現哪種症狀，護理師應暫停給藥並通知醫師？
A client with heart failure is receiving digoxin. The nurse should withhold the dose and notify the provider if the client exhibits which symptom?
- AHeart rate of 80 beats per minute心率每分鐘 80 次
- BBlurred vision with yellow halos✓ 正解視力模糊並出現黃色光暈
- CWeight loss of 1 lb in two days兩天內體重減輕 1 英磅
- DIncreased urine output尿量增加
Digoxin 是一種心臟醣苷 (cardiac glycoside)，主要用於治療心臟衰竭 (heart failure) 和心房顫動 (atrial fibrillation)。其作用是增加心肌收縮力，減慢心率，並改善心臟功能。然而，Digoxin 的治療窗非常狹窄，極易發生藥物毒性 (digoxin toxicity)。 護理師在給藥前必須仔細評估病人，並監測其是否出現 Digoxin 中毒的症狀。視力模糊並伴隨黃色光暈 (yellow halos) 是 Digoxin 中毒的典型且具特徵性的視覺症狀，稱為黃視症 (xanthopsia)。此外，其他常見的 Digoxin 中毒症狀還包括心搏過緩 (bradycardia)、心律不整、噁心、嘔吐、厭食和疲倦。一旦發現這些中毒症狀，護理師應立即暫停給藥，並通知醫師，以避免進一步的藥物累積和嚴重心臟併發症。 其他選項的症狀則不屬於 Digoxin 中毒的特徵，甚至可能是藥物達到治療效果的表現。
Digoxin is a cardiac glycoside used for heart failure and atrial fibrillation. It increases myocardial contractility, slows heart rate, and improves cardiac function, but has a very narrow therapeutic window, making digoxin toxicity common. Blurred vision with yellow halos (xanthopsia) is a classic and characteristic visual symptom of digoxin toxicity. Other signs include bradycardia, dysrhythmias, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, and fatigue. When toxicity is suspected, the nurse should hold the dose and notify the provider to prevent further accumulation and serious cardiac complications. The other options do not represent toxicity and may even reflect therapeutic effects.