— 照護管理 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
病人因宗教信仰拒絕輸血，護理師何者表現合乎倫理？
A client refuses a blood transfusion due to religious beliefs. Which action by the nurse is ethical?
- AExplain that the transfusion is necessary to save their life解釋輸血是挽救生命所必需的
- BRespect the client's decision and document the refusal✓ 正解尊重病人的決定並記錄其拒絕行為
- CAdminister the blood transfusion while the client is sleeping在病人睡覺時執行輸血
- DAsk the family to convince the client to change their mind要求家屬說服病人改變心意
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
病人的自主權（Autonomy）是現代護理倫理的核心。即使醫療處置被認為是有益的，若心智健全的成人病人因宗教信仰或其他原因拒絕，護理師必須尊重其決定。護理師的職責是提供充分的資訊（informed consent/refusal），確保病人了解拒絕後的風險，並詳細記錄過程以保護病人權益與自身專業責任。
Client autonomy is central to modern nursing ethics. Even when a medical treatment is considered beneficial, if a mentally competent adult refuses it on religious or other grounds, the nurse must respect that decision. The nurse's responsibility is to provide adequate information (informed consent or informed refusal), ensure the client understands the risks of refusing treatment, and document the process thoroughly to protect the client's rights and the nurse's professional accountability.