— 照護管理 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師為一位慢性疼痛病人制定照護計畫，哪項行動最能反映照護管理原則？
A nurse is planning care for a client with a history of chronic pain. Which action best reflects the management of care principles?
- ARefusing to provide medication until the pain is severe拒絕給藥直到疼痛嚴重
- BSetting realistic goals with the client for pain management✓ 正解與個案共同設定疼痛管理的現實目標
- CTelling the client to avoid all physical activity告知個案避免所有體力活動
- DAdministering PRN medication only when the client asks僅在個案要求時給予備用藥物
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
照護管理的核心包含病人的參與（Client-centered care）。與病人設定現實的目標不僅能增加病人的遵從性，更能評估疼痛緩解的效果。依需求給藥（PRN）並非只等病人開口，而應主動評估；拒絕給藥或限制活動皆不符合疼痛控制原則。
The core of management-of-care principles includes client participation (client-centered care). Setting realistic goals together with the client not only increases adherence but also allows evaluation of pain relief outcomes. PRN administration does not simply mean waiting for the client to ask; it requires proactive assessment. Withholding medication or restricting activity contradicts the principles of pain management.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國強調以病人為中心的照護（PCC）；台灣醫療體系中，醫師角色較強勢，護理師需更多溝通技巧以落實病人共同參與決策。