— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師衛教一位初診斷第一型糖尿病病人胰島素注射技巧，應包含哪些內容？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching a client with newly diagnosed Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus about insulin administration. Which actions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
- ARotate injection sites within the same anatomical area✓ 正解在同一解剖區域內輪替注射部位
- BAvoid aspirating before insulin injection✓ 正解注射胰島素前避免抽吸
- CClean the injection site with alcohol and let it dry completely✓ 正解用酒精清潔注射部位並讓其完全乾燥
- DInject insulin at a 90-degree angle for most patients✓ 正解對大多數病人以90度角注射胰島素
- EStore insulin in the freezer for long-term use長期使用時將胰島素存放在冷凍庫
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
胰島素注射需在同一身體部位輪替（A），以減少脂肪增生。現行指引不需抽吸（B），可避免組織受損。酒精需完全乾燥（C）防止刺激皮下組織。90度注射（D）適合大多數皮下脂肪足夠者。E錯誤：胰島素不可冷凍，會破壞蛋白質結構。
Insulin injection techniques should include rotating sites within the same area to prevent lipohypertrophy, cleaning the site with alcohol until dry to avoid stinging, and injecting at a 90-degree angle. Current guidelines recommend against aspiration to minimize tissue trauma.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣病患常擔心注射疼痛，護理師需加強教導針頭衛教與重複使用原則，美國則更強調個人化的血糖管理設備與衛教手冊。