護理師照護一位有慢性便秘病史的病人，應建議下列何種飲食調整？
A nurse is caring for a client with a history of chronic constipation. Which dietary change should the nurse recommend?
- AConsume more refined carbohydrates攝取更多精緻碳水化合物
- BDecrease daily fluid intake to prevent bloating減少每日液體攝取量以防止脹氣
- CIncrease intake of foods rich in fiber✓ 正解增加富含纖維食物的攝取
- DLimit physical activity to prevent bowel stimulation限制體力活動以防止腸道刺激
慢性便秘的護理核心在於增加腸道內容物的體積與濕度，以促進蠕動並軟化糞便。增加纖維攝取（如全穀類、豆類、水果與蔬菜）可吸收水分、增加糞便體積，進而刺激腸壁機械性蠕動。臨床上，單純增加纖維而未補充足夠水分，反而可能導致糞便過於乾硬而加重便秘，因此必須衛教病人同步增加每日水分攝取量，並鼓勵規律運動以刺激腸道蠕動。此類題型強調非藥物介入優先的原則。
The core of nursing care for chronic constipation is to increase the volume and moisture of bowel contents to promote peristalsis and soften stool. Increasing fiber intake (such as whole grains, legumes, fruits, and vegetables) absorbs water, increases stool bulk, and mechanically stimulates intestinal peristalsis. Clinically, increasing fiber alone without adequate fluid intake may make stool harder and worsen constipation; therefore, clients must also be taught to increase daily fluid intake and to engage in regular exercise to stimulate bowel motility. This type of question emphasizes the principle of prioritizing non-pharmacologic interventions.