— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位服用華法林（warfarin）的病人，哪句話顯示其需要更多的衛教？
A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed warfarin. Which client statement indicates a need for further education?
- AI will eat a consistent amount of spinach and broccoli我會攝取固定量的菠菜和西蘭花
- BI will use a soft-bristled toothbrush for oral care我會使用軟毛牙刷進行口腔護理
- CI will take an aspirin whenever I have a mild headache✓ 正解我會有輕微頭痛時就服用阿斯匹靈
- DI will notify my provider if I notice dark, tarry stools如果我注意到黑色柏油樣糞便，我會通知醫師
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
華法林是一種抗凝血劑，與阿斯匹靈等非類固醇消炎藥（NSAIDs）併用會大幅增加出血風險。病人必須知道任何止痛藥使用前皆需諮詢醫師。其他選項如使用軟毛牙刷可預防牙齦出血，維持維生素 K 攝取穩定可維持藥物治療濃度，監測黑便則是出血的警訊。
Warfarin is an anticoagulant, and combining it with aspirin or other NSAIDs significantly increases bleeding risk. The client must know to consult the provider before using any analgesic. The other options are appropriate: using a soft-bristled toothbrush helps prevent gum bleeding, maintaining a consistent vitamin K intake stabilizes therapeutic drug levels, and monitoring for dark/tarry stools is recognizing a warning sign of bleeding.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣病人常有自行服用中藥習慣，需特別衛教中藥對 INR 的干擾。