一位剛被診斷為末期癌症的病人開始哭泣，並說：「我不敢相信這發生在我身上。」護理師哪種回應最具治療性？
A nurse is caring for a patient who has just received a diagnosis of terminal cancer. The patient begins to cry and says, 'I cannot believe this is happening to me.' Which response by the nurse is most therapeutic?
- AYou will be surprised how strong you are during treatment.你會驚訝於自己在治療期間有多麼堅強。
- BTell me more about what you are feeling right now.✓ 正解告訴我你現在的感覺如何。
- CIt is normal to feel shocked by such news.對這種消息感到震驚是正常的。
- DWould you like me to call the chaplain for you?你需要我幫你聯絡牧師嗎？
面對末期診斷，個案通常處於否認（denial）或悲傷（grief）的早期階段。護理師的核心任務是提供治療性溝通（therapeutic communication），建立信任關係並鼓勵個案表達內心感受。使用開放式問句（open-ended questions）能讓個案自主引導對話，而非由護理師預設其心理狀態。此舉能有效評估個案的應對機制及潛在心理需求，並展現護理師的同理心（empathy）。
When facing a terminal diagnosis, the client is typically in the early stage of denial or grief. The nurse's central task is to provide therapeutic communication, build a trusting relationship, and encourage the client to express their inner feelings. Using open-ended questions allows the client to direct the conversation rather than having the nurse presume their psychological state. This effectively assesses the client's coping mechanisms and underlying psychological needs while demonstrating the nurse's empathy.