— 心理社會完整性 · HARD · SATA —
一位罹患精神分裂症(思覺失調症)的病人出現負性症狀。護理師在評估時應預期看到下列哪些情況?(選所有適合的)
A client with schizophrenia is exhibiting negative symptoms. Which findings should the nurse anticipate during the assessment? (Select all that apply.)
- AAvolition✓ 正解意志缺乏
- BHallucinations幻覺
- CAnhedonia✓ 正解快感缺失
- DFlat affect✓ 正解情感平淡
- EDelusions妄想
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
思覺失調症的負性症狀涉及動機、情感與快樂體驗的缺乏,包括:意志缺乏(Avolition)、快感缺失(Anhedonia)及情感淡漠(Flat affect)。幻覺(Hallucinations)與妄想(Delusions)屬於「正性症狀」(陽性症狀),反映了超出正常精神功能的過度反應。
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia involve deficits in normal emotional responses, thought processes, and behavior, including avolition, anhedonia, and flat affect. Hallucinations and delusions are classified as positive symptoms because they represent excess or distorted functions rather than deficits.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣現行臨床多使用「思覺失調症」稱呼以降低汙名化,負性症狀的藥物治療選擇與美國相近,但社會復健資源連結度略有不同。