— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · HARD · SATA —
哪幾種藥物應在術前 2 小時評估是否暫停給予？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following medications should be held for a patient scheduled for surgery in 2 hours? (Select all that apply.)
- AWarfarin✓ 正解Warfarin（華法林）
- BMetformin✓ 正解Metformin（二甲雙胍）
- CLisinopril✓ 正解Lisinopril（賴諾普利）
- DAspirin✓ 正解Aspirin（阿斯匹靈）
- ELevothyroxineLevothyroxine（左旋甲狀腺素）
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
術前評估藥物重點：Warfarin 與 Aspirin 會增加出血風險；Metformin 可能在術中因對比劑或脫水導致乳酸中毒；Lisinopril（ACEI）容易在術中導致頑固性低血壓。Levothyroxine 為甲狀腺補充劑，通常術前仍可給予。
Preoperative medication considerations: Warfarin and Aspirin increase bleeding risk; Metformin may cause lactic acidosis with contrast or dehydration during surgery; Lisinopril (an ACE inhibitor) can cause refractory intraoperative hypotension. Levothyroxine, a thyroid replacement, is typically continued before surgery.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國麻醉醫師會針對每位病人制定術前藥物表，台灣則多遵循醫院制定的術前給藥準則。