— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師準備為病人給予萬古黴素（Vancomycin）。下列哪些措施是正確的？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is preparing to administer Vancomycin to a client. Which actions should the nurse perform? (Select all that apply.)
- AMonitor the infusion site for phlebitis✓ 正解監測注射部位是否有靜脈炎跡象
- BAdminister the medication over at least 60 minutes✓ 正解至少於 60 分鐘內輸注藥物
- CDraw peak levels 30 minutes after the infusion在輸注結束後 30 分鐘抽取峰值濃度
- DAssess the client for flushing of the face and neck✓ 正解評估病人是否有臉部與頸部潮紅
- ECheck the most recent serum creatinine level✓ 正解檢查最近的血清肌酸酐數值
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
萬古黴素具刺激性，易引起靜脈炎；且輸注過快會造成「紅人症候群」（紅疹、臉頸部潮紅）。必須監測腎功能（Creatinine）因其具腎毒性。正確輸注時間應大於 60 分鐘，且應監測「谷值」（Trough）而非峰值（Peak）。
Vancomycin is irritating and can readily cause phlebitis; rapid infusion can result in 'red man syndrome' (rash, flushing of the face and neck). Renal function (creatinine) must be monitored because of its nephrotoxicity. The correct infusion duration is greater than 60 minutes, and trough levels rather than peak levels should be monitored.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台皆嚴格監測谷值，但台灣對於 Vancomycin 的給藥時間與過濾裝置使用有更嚴謹的院內規章。