— 降低風險 · HARD · MCQ —
護理師照護一位嗜中性白血球減少症的病人，哪項介入措施對預防感染最重要？
A nurse is caring for a client with neutropenia. Which of the following is the most important intervention to prevent infection?
- AEnsure the client wears a mask when leaving the room確保病人離開病房時佩戴口罩
- BAdminister prophylactic antibiotics as prescribed依醫囑給予預防性抗生素
- CImplement strict hand hygiene for all visitors and staff✓ 正解實施所有訪客與工作人員的嚴格手部衛生
- DPlace the client on a low-bacteria diet讓病人採取低細菌飲食
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
嗜中性白血球減少症（Neutropenia）病人因免疫力低下，極易發生伺機性感染。院內感染最常見的傳播媒介為「護理人員與訪客的手」。因此，嚴格執行手部衛生（Hand hygiene）是阻斷病原體傳播最有效、成本最低且最具科學實證的感染控制措施。其他措施如飲食調整或抗生素預防雖有幫助，但手部衛生仍是感染預防的第一道防線。
Neutropenic clients are highly susceptible to opportunistic infections. The most common transmission vector in hospitals is the hands of staff and visitors. Therefore, strict hand hygiene is the most effective, lowest-cost, and most evidence-based infection-control measure. Other interventions (dietary restriction, prophylactic antibiotics) help but remain secondary to hand hygiene.