— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師照護一位接受化學治療的病人，為降低感染風險應採取哪些護理措施？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client receiving chemotherapy. Which interventions should the nurse prioritize to reduce the risk of infection? (Select all that apply.)
- APlace the client in a private room✓ 正解將病人安置於單人病房
- BEncourage the client to eat raw fruits and vegetables鼓勵病人食用生水果和蔬菜
- CInstruct the client to avoid crowds✓ 正解指示病人避免前往人群聚集處
- DPerform frequent hand hygiene✓ 正解頻繁執行手部衛生
- EAvoid invasive procedures such as rectal temperatures✓ 正解避免侵入性程序，如測量直腸體溫
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
化療病人常因骨髓抑制導致中性白血球低下（Neutropenia），免疫力極度脆弱。護理重點在於預防感染，包括採取保護性隔離（私密病房）、嚴格執行手部衛生、避免接觸人潮聚集處以降低病原體曝露。此外，嚴禁執行侵入性操作（如直腸體溫、灌腸），因為這些操作容易造成黏膜破損，讓細菌直接進入血液循環引起敗血症。
To reduce infection risk in neutropenic clients, the nurse should prioritize protective isolation measures such as placing the client in a private room, enforcing strict hand hygiene, and avoiding crowded areas to limit pathogen exposure. Additionally, invasive procedures like rectal temperatures must be avoided to prevent mucosal trauma and subsequent bacteremia or sepsis.