— 降低風險 · EASY · SATA —
護理師對一位新診斷高血壓的病人進行飲食指導，應包含哪些內容？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching a client with new onset hypertension about dietary modifications. Which of the following should be included? (Select all that apply.)
- AIncrease intake of potassium-rich foods✓ 正解增加富含鉀的食物攝取
- BLimit sodium intake to 2,300 mg per day✓ 正解將鈉攝取量限制在每日2,300毫克以內
- CChoose lean proteins like chicken and fish✓ 正解選擇雞魚等瘦肉蛋白質
- DEliminate all forms of carbohydrates排除所有形式的碳水化合物
- ELimit saturated fats and trans fats✓ 正解限制飽和脂肪與反式脂肪
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
針對新診斷高血壓的病人，衛教重點在於生活型態與飲食調整（DASH 飲食）。包括：攝取富含鉀的食物（有助於排鈉）、限制每日鈉攝取量（< 2300mg）、選擇瘦肉蛋白（減少脂肪負擔）、限制飽和脂肪與反式脂肪。這些措施能有效幫助控制血壓，減少對心血管系統的壓力。護理師應提供具體、可執行的飲食建議，並鼓勵病人定期監測血壓。
Dietary modifications for hypertension include increasing potassium-rich foods to help excrete sodium, limiting sodium intake to less than 2,300 mg daily, choosing lean proteins to reduce cardiac load, and restricting saturated and trans fats. These adjustments align with DASH diet principles to lower blood pressure and reduce cardiovascular strain.