護理師照護一位剛確診糖尿病的病患，哪些內容應包含在衛教計畫中？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client with a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Which of the following should be included in the teaching plan? (Select all that apply.)
- ARotate insulin injection sites to prevent lipodystrophy✓ 正解輪替胰島素注射部位以預防脂肪營養不良
- BKeep a log of blood glucose readings and symptoms✓ 正解記錄血糖讀值與症狀
- CAlways wear shoes to prevent foot trauma✓ 正解始終穿著鞋子以預防足部創傷
- DIncrease simple carbohydrate intake during illness生病期間增加簡單碳水化合物攝取
- ECarry a source of fast-acting glucose for hypoglycemia✓ 正解隨身攜帶快速作用的葡萄糖來源以應對低血糖
糖尿病教育需涵蓋生活型態與緊急應對。輪替注射部位避免脂肪增生、紀錄血糖以觀察趨勢、足部保護預防潰瘍、攜帶糖分處理低血糖均為核心原則。D 選項錯誤，生病時需持續監測血糖並遵循醫囑，而非增加簡單碳水，避免血糖過高。
Diabetes education must encompass both lifestyle modification and emergency response. Rotating injection sites to prevent lipohypertrophy, logging blood glucose to identify trends, protecting the feet to prevent ulceration, and carrying a source of glucose to treat hypoglycemia are all core principles. Option D is incorrect: during illness, blood glucose must be monitored continuously and medical orders followed rather than increasing simple carbohydrate intake, which would cause hyperglycemia.
美國衛教強調護理師與衛教師（CDE）的合作，台灣則多由醫院內的糖尿病共照網護理師負責，且針對病患飲食習慣的衛教需特別考量東方飲食文化差異。