— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · SATA —
下列哪些護理措施適用於急性胰臟炎的病人？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following nursing interventions are appropriate for a client diagnosed with acute pancreatitis? (Select all that apply.)
- AMaintain NPO status✓ 正解維持禁食狀態
- BAdminister IV fluids✓ 正解給予靜脈輸液
- CEncourage a high-fat diet鼓勵高脂飲食
- DMonitor blood glucose levels✓ 正解監測血糖水平
- EAssess for Turner’s sign✓ 正解評估圖恩氏徵象（Turner’s sign）
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
急性胰臟炎處置重點為讓胰臟休息（NPO），靜脈輸液維持血流動力學穩定，並密切監測因胰臟細胞損害導致的血糖波動。Turner's sign（側腹部瘀斑）是出血性胰臟炎的指標。高脂飲食會刺激胰臟分泌，絕對禁止。
Management of acute pancreatitis centers on resting the pancreas (NPO), administering IV fluids to maintain hemodynamic stability, and closely monitoring glucose fluctuations caused by pancreatic cell injury. Turner's sign (flank ecchymosis) is a marker of hemorrhagic pancreatitis. A high-fat diet stimulates pancreatic secretion and is absolutely contraindicated.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣針對胰臟炎常會放置鼻胃管引流，美國則較傾向於早期腸道營養（如病人狀況改善後）以減少感染，兩者皆重視禁食與補液。