— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師評估一位剛接受甲狀腺切除術的病人。病人主訴嘴巴周圍和手指有刺痛感。護理師應懷疑哪種電解質不平衡？
A nurse is assessing a client who has undergone a thyroidectomy. The client reports tingling around the mouth and fingers. Which electrolyte imbalance should the nurse suspect?
- AHyperkalemia高血鉀
- BHypocalcemia✓ 正解低血鈣
- CHypercalcemia高血鈣
- DHypokalemia低血鉀
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
甲狀腺手術，尤其是涉及副甲狀腺的損傷或移除，可能導致副甲狀腺功能低下，進而引起低血鈣。低血鈣的典型神經肌肉症狀包括口周麻木、刺痛感（鋇氏徵象 Trousseau's sign 和氯士基徵象 Chvostek's sign 陽性）。
Thyroid surgery, particularly when it involves injury to or removal of the parathyroid glands, can lead to hypoparathyroidism and subsequent hypocalcemia. Classic neuromuscular symptoms of hypocalcemia include perioral numbness and tingling (positive Trousseau's and Chvostek's signs).
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國外科手術後照護標準化程度高，護理師需監測電解質變化；台灣護理師經驗豐富，但依賴器械和系統性監測的普及度有差異。