護理師照顧 DNR 病人，病人停止呼吸，何者為適當行動？
A nurse is caring for a client with a DNR order. The client stops breathing. Which action is appropriate?
- ABegin chest compressions開始胸部按壓
- BPrepare for intubation準備插管
- CNotify the healthcare provider✓ 正解通知醫療提供者
- DAdminister epinephrine施用腎上腺素
DNR（不施行心肺復甦術，Do Not Resuscitate）是基於病人自主權與法律效力的醫療指示。當病人停止呼吸，護理師的首要義務是尊重病人的預立醫療指示（Advance Directives）。執行心肺復甦術（CPR）、插管或給予升壓劑均屬於搶救行為，會直接違背 DNR 規範。因此，護理師應立即通知醫師，由醫師確認死亡狀態並完成必要法律程序，同時提供臨終關懷支持家屬。
A DNR (Do Not Resuscitate) order is a medical directive grounded in client autonomy and legal authority. When the client stops breathing, the nurse's primary duty is to honor the client's advance directives. Performing CPR, intubation, or administering vasopressors are resuscitative measures and would directly violate the DNR. The nurse should instead notify the physician to confirm death and complete the required legal documentation, while providing end-of-life support to the family.
在美國，DNR 指示非常嚴格，護理師若在 DNR 病人身上執行 CPR 會面臨嚴重的法律訴訟（Battery）。台灣臨床對於 DNR 的執行有時受家屬壓力干擾，但 NCLEX 考試中，必須嚴格遵守法律與病人意願，決不能因家屬要求而動搖。