— 降低風險 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師照護一位接受全髖關節置換術後的病人，下列哪項措施對預防術後併發症最重要？
A nurse is caring for a client who has undergone a total hip arthroplasty. Which action is priority to prevent potential complications?
- ARestrict all leg movements for the first 48 hours術後48小時內限制所有腿部活動
- BMassage the calf muscles daily to prevent soreness每天按摩小腿肌肉以預防痠痛
- CEncourage the client to sit in a low chair for comfort鼓勵病人坐低椅子以增加舒適感
- DMaintain abduction of the affected hip using a pillow✓ 正解使用枕頭維持患側髖關節的外展
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
全髖關節置換後，預防關節脫臼是術後照護的核心目標。使用外展枕頭維持髖關節外展，可避免內收造成人工關節脫臼。低椅子會使髖關節屈曲超過 90 度，增加脫臼風險。按摩小腿是絕對禁忌，因可能導致深部靜脈栓塞的血栓脫落，造成肺栓塞。
After total hip arthroplasty, preventing dislocation is the core goal. Using an abduction pillow maintains hip abduction and avoids adduction-induced prosthesis dislocation. Low chairs cause >90 degrees hip flexion, increasing dislocation risk. Calf massage is absolutely contraindicated because it can dislodge a DVT and cause a fatal pulmonary embolism.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國護理師常主導術後活動評估，台灣則依骨科醫師醫囑嚴格執行復健時間表。