病人發生藥物過敏性休克時，哪項行動最優先？
Which action is priority when a client experiences a medication anaphylactic reaction?
- AAdminister an oral antihistamine給予口服抗組織胺
- BNotify the physician通知醫師
- CObtain vital signs測量生命徵象
- DStop the medication infusion immediately✓ 正解立即停止藥物輸注
過敏性休克（Anaphylactic shock）屬於第一型過敏反應，會導致全身血管擴張與支氣管痙攣，造成致命性的低血壓與呼吸道阻塞。臨床處理的核心原則為「先排除過敏原，再進行急救」。停止輸液是阻斷抗原持續進入體內的最快方式，符合 ABC（呼吸、呼吸道、循環）優先順序。若未先停止輸液，後續給予腎上腺素（Epinephrine）等藥物效果將大打折扣。
Anaphylactic shock is a type I hypersensitivity reaction that causes widespread vasodilation and bronchospasm, leading to life-threatening hypotension and airway obstruction. The clinical principle is to first remove the allergen, then initiate emergency treatment. Stopping the infusion is the fastest way to halt continued antigen entry into the body and aligns with the ABC (Airway, Breathing, Circulation) priority. Without first stopping the infusion, subsequent treatments such as epinephrine will be far less effective.
美國臨床對於過敏性休克的應變非常強調護理師的自主權，即在出現症狀時無需醫師指令即可先停止輸液（Stop infusion），這與台灣部分臨床單位仍習慣先通知醫師再動作的流程相比，更加強調護理師在緊急狀況下的權責。