對於正在經歷恐慌發作的病人，哪項干預措施最有效？
Which intervention is most effective for a client experiencing a panic attack?
- AEncourage the client to discuss the source of their anxiety.鼓勵病人討論其焦慮的來源。
- BLeave the client alone to allow them privacy to calm down.讓病人獨處，以便有隱私來平靜下來。
- CTeach the client new coping skills immediately.立即教導病人新的應對技巧。
- DSpeak in short, simple sentences with a calm voice.✓ 正解用冷靜的聲音說短而簡單的句子。
恐慌發作（panic attack）是一種突發性的強烈焦慮，伴隨劇烈身體症狀（如心悸、呼吸困難、胸痛）和失控感。在恐慌發作期間，病人的認知功能會受到嚴重影響，難以處理複雜資訊或進行理性思考。護理師的介入應旨在降低刺激、提供安全感，並引導病人恢復平靜。使用簡短、簡單的句子和冷靜的語氣，能有效穿透病人的高度焦慮，提供清晰的指引，並幫助病人重新聚焦，逐步恢復對情況的掌控感。
A panic attack is a sudden onset of intense anxiety accompanied by severe physical symptoms (such as palpitations, dyspnea, and chest pain) and a feeling of loss of control. During a panic attack, the client's cognitive function is markedly impaired, making it difficult to process complex information or to think rationally. Nursing interventions should aim to reduce stimulation, provide a sense of safety, and help the client return to a calm state. Speaking in short, simple sentences with a calm voice effectively reaches the client through their heightened anxiety, provides clear guidance, and helps them refocus and gradually regain a sense of control.
恐慌發作的急性期處理原則在美國和台灣的臨床實務中是高度一致的。兩地都強調護理師應以鎮定、支持的態度，提供低刺激的環境和簡短的指令，幫助病人度過急性期。這屬於精神科急症處理的標準流程，無顯著差異。