— 心理社會完整性 · MEDIUM · SATA —
下列哪些情況，護理師必須通報疑似虐待？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following situations requires the nurse to report suspected abuse? (Select all that apply.)
- AAn elderly client with unexplained bruises on the arms✓ 正解手臂上有不明原因瘀傷的老年病人
- BA child with a suspicious burn pattern on their back✓ 正解背部有可疑燒燙傷痕跡的兒童
- CA spouse who appears shy during the visit探視時顯得害羞的配偶
- DA client who reports being threatened by their partner✓ 正解報告遭伴侶威脅的病人
- EA teenager who is acting moody during the exam檢查期間表現出情緒化的青少年
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
通報責任對象通常包含兒童、老人與弱勢個體。A（老人不明淤青）、B（兒童懷疑虐待燒燙傷）、D（個案遭受威脅）皆屬高風險應通報。C（害羞）與 E（情緒不穩）雖可能是心理問題，但不足以直接構成虐待通報標準。
Mandatory reporting generally covers children, older adults, and other vulnerable individuals. A (an older adult with unexplained bruises), B (a child with a suspicious burn injury), and D (a client reporting threats) are all high-risk situations that require reporting. C (shyness) and E (mood swings) may indicate psychological issues but are not in themselves sufficient to meet the criteria for an abuse report.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國法規對不同族群的通報義務極為明確；台灣衛福部對於兒少、老人保護通報系統有明確規範，護理師務必熟記。