一位第一型糖尿病病人被發現意識不清，血糖值為 35 mg/dL。下列何者為優先措施？
A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus is found unconscious, with blood glucose 35 mg/dL. Which action is priority?
- AStart an IV infusion of 50% dextrose✓ 正解開始靜脈輸注50%葡萄糖溶液
- BPerform a fingerstick glucose test again to verify再次進行指尖血糖測試以確認
- CAdminister 4 ounces of orange juice給予4盎司柳橙汁
- DInject 1 mg of glucagon subcutaneously皮下注射1 mg升糖素
對於意識不清的低血糖病人，首要任務是提升血糖以保護腦部功能。由於病人意識不清，絕對禁忌經口給予任何食物或糖水（C），以免造成吸入性肺炎。在臨床環境中，靜脈注射 50% 葡萄糖（D50W）能最迅速地提升血糖水平。升糖素（Glucagon）雖可使用，但通常用於無靜脈通路時，且起效較慢，靜脈給糖為優先處置。
For an unconscious client with hypoglycemia, the priority is to raise the blood glucose level to protect cerebral function. Because the client is unconscious, oral intake of any food or sugary fluid (C) is absolutely contraindicated due to the risk of aspiration pneumonia. In the hospital setting, intravenous administration of 50% dextrose (D50W) is the fastest way to raise the blood glucose level. Glucagon may also be used, but it is typically reserved for situations in which there is no IV access and it acts more slowly; IV dextrose is the priority intervention.
在台灣臨床，若無靜脈通路，肌肉注射升糖素是常見替代方案；美國臨床亦同，但在有 IV 通路情況下，D50W 是標準處置。