一位甲狀腺機能亢進病人出現突眼症，護理師應執行哪些護理措施？（選所有適合的）
A client is diagnosed with hyperthyroidism and is experiencing exophthalmos. Which nursing interventions are appropriate for this client? (Select all that apply.)
- AApply cool compresses to the eyes✓ 正解對眼睛進行冷敷
- BTeach the client to avoid using artificial tears教導病人避免使用人工淚液
- CInstruct the client to tape eyelids shut at night if needed✓ 正解如有需要，指示病人夜間閉合眼瞼並用膠帶固定
- DEncourage the client to wear dark glasses when outdoors✓ 正解鼓勵病人外出時佩戴太陽眼鏡
- EElevate the head of the bed✓ 正解抬高床頭
甲狀腺機能亢進引起的突眼症（exophthalmos）是由於眼眶後組織水腫與發炎，導致眼球突出。這會造成眼瞼無法完全閉合（lagophthalmos），進而引發角膜乾燥、潰瘍及感染。護理重點在於保護角膜與減輕水腫。冷敷與墊高頭部能透過物理與重力作用減輕眼周水腫；人工淚液與夜間膠帶固定則是預防角膜受損的必要手段。
Exophthalmos associated with hyperthyroidism is caused by edema and inflammation of the retro-orbital tissue, which pushes the eyeballs forward. This prevents complete closure of the eyelids (lagophthalmos), leading to corneal drying, ulceration, and infection. The focus of nursing care is to protect the cornea and reduce edema. Cold compresses and head elevation use physical and gravitational effects to reduce periorbital edema; artificial tears and taping the eyelids closed at night are essential measures to prevent corneal damage.