— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師照顧一位第一型糖尿病個案,其血糖值為 45 mg/dL。護理師應預期看到哪些徵兆?(選所有適合的)
A nurse is caring for a client with type 1 diabetes mellitus. The client's blood glucose is 45 mg/dL. Which signs and symptoms should the nurse expect to find? (Select all that apply.)
- ADiaphoresis✓ 正解盜汗
- BTremors✓ 正解顫抖
- CPolyuria多尿
- DConfusion✓ 正解意識混亂
- ETachycardia✓ 正解心搏過速
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
血糖過低(<70 mg/dL)會觸發交感神經反應。典型症狀包括冷汗(Diaphoresis)、顫抖(Tremors)、心跳加快(Tachycardia)以及因大腦葡萄糖供應不足導致的意識混亂(Confusion)。多尿(Polyuria)則是高血糖的典型特徵。
A blood glucose level below 70 mg/dL triggers a sympathetic nervous system response. Classic symptoms include diaphoresis, tremors, tachycardia, and confusion due to inadequate cerebral glucose supply. Polyuria, by contrast, is a typical feature of hyperglycemia.
✦ 台美臨床差異
兩地均強調「15-15 原則」處理低血糖,但台灣常見給予糖果或果汁,美國則更強調針對已失去吞嚥能力者使用升糖素注射。