— 基本照護與舒適 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師準備協助手術後第一次下床的病人從床轉移到椅子，為了確保安全，哪項行動是優先的？
A nurse is preparing to transfer a client from the bed to a chair for the first time after surgery. Which action is the priority to ensure safety?
- APlace a gait belt around the client's waist在病人腰部綁上步態帶
- BDangle the client's legs on the side of the bed for a few minutes✓ 正解讓病人雙腿懸垂於床緣數分鐘
- CEnsure the client is wearing non-slip footwear確保病人穿著防滑鞋
- DAssess the client's blood pressure while sitting測量病人坐著時的血壓
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
術後首次下床最常見的危險是姿態性低血壓導致暈厥。讓病人先在床邊坐下（dangling）可以給予循環系統適應重力變化的時間，預防姿勢性低血壓引起跌倒。其他選項雖然也是安全措施，但 dangling 是最基礎的生理調適步驟。
The most common danger during the first postoperative ambulation is orthostatic hypotension leading to syncope. Having the patient first sit on the edge of the bed (dangling) gives the circulatory system time to adapt to the change in gravity and prevents falls from orthostatic hypotension. Other options are also safety measures, but dangling is the most basic physiologic adaptation step.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美均強調術後早期下床活動，但在美國護理師常依據護理評估即可執行，台灣有時會較依賴醫師醫囑。