護理師擔任急診分診官，依災害分診協議，哪位病人應最先處理？
A nurse is triage officer in the emergency department. Which client should be seen first according to disaster triage protocols?
- AA client with a suspected tension pneumothorax and respiratory distress✓ 正解懷疑張力性氣胸且有呼吸困難的病人
- BA client with a small, superficial laceration on the forearm前臂有淺表小撕裂傷的病人
- CA client who is unresponsive with absent pulse and respirations無反應且無脈搏、無呼吸的病人
- DA client with an open fracture of the humerus with intact pulses肱骨開放性骨折但脈搏完好的病人
災害分診 (Disaster Triage) 採用 START 演算法。紅色標籤 (Immediate) 代表病人有生命威脅但經處置後有存活機會。張力性氣胸會導致縱膈腔偏移、靜脈回流受阻及心肺停止，屬於需立即減壓的急症。黑色標籤 (Expectant) 適用於無脈搏呼吸、存活機率極低者；綠色 (Delayed/Minor) 為輕傷；黃色 (Delayed) 為需處理但可延後的傷患。
Disaster triage uses the START algorithm. The red tag (immediate) is for patients whose lives are threatened but who have a chance of survival with treatment. A tension pneumothorax causes mediastinal shift, impaired venous return, and cardiopulmonary arrest, and represents an emergency requiring immediate decompression. The black tag (expectant) is for patients without pulse or respiration who have an extremely low chance of survival; green (delayed/minor) is for minor injuries; yellow (delayed) is for injuries that require treatment but can be deferred.