護理師準備給予病人 20 mEq 氯化鉀靜脈輸注，下列哪項行動對安全至關重要？
A nurse is preparing to administer potassium chloride 20 mEq IV piggyback to a client. Which action is essential for safety?
- AInfuse the medication over 15 minutes在 15 分鐘內輸注藥物
- BVerify the medication is diluted in appropriate volume✓ 正解確認藥物已以適當體積稀釋
- CAdminister the medication via IV push經靜脈推注給予藥物
- DAssess the client's blood pressure prior to administration在給藥前評估客戶的血壓
氯化鉀（Potassium Chloride）具有高度心臟毒性，給藥時必須極度謹慎。正確答案為確認藥物已稀釋，這是預防靜脈炎與心律不整的關鍵安全屏障。臨床上，鉀離子絕不可透過靜脈推注（IV push）給予，必須以受控速率輸注，以防血中濃度急速升高導致致死性心臟驟停。護理師在給藥前，必須確保輸液濃度符合安全規範（通常周邊靜脈濃度不超過 10 mEq/100 mL，或依醫院政策而定）。
Potassium chloride is highly cardiotoxic, and extreme caution is required during administration. The correct answer is verifying that the medication is diluted, which is a key safety safeguard against phlebitis and dysrhythmias. Clinically, potassium must never be given by IV push and must be infused at a controlled rate to prevent a rapid rise in serum concentration that could cause fatal cardiac arrest. Before administration, the nurse must ensure that the infusion concentration meets safety standards (peripheral IV concentration is typically no more than 10 mEq/100 mL, depending on institutional policy).
在美國臨床，鉀離子輸注有嚴格的濃度與速率限制（Max 10 mEq/hr via peripheral line without cardiac monitoring），且通常需透過輸液幫浦（Infusion pump）給予。台灣臨床有時會因人力或設備考量，但在 NCLEX 考試中，必須嚴守最嚴格的安全規範。